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UMS RFC Documentation
*********************
Welcome to UMS RFC, a package to handle mail and news messages which
conform to the RFC standards with UMS.
If you have used the UMS UUCP package you should reread the complete
documentation. Almost everthing has changed!
Copyright and other legal stuff
*******************************
COPYRIGHT
=========
Copyright (C) 1992-95 Stefan Becker
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.
No program, document, data file or source code from this software
package, neither in whole nor in part, may be included or used in other
software packages unless it is authorized by a written permission from
the author.
NO WARRANTY
===========
There is no warranty for this software package. Although the author
has tried to prevent errors, he can't guarantee that the software
package described in this document is 100% reliable. You are therefore
using this material at your own risk. The author cannot be made
responsible for any damage which is caused by using this software
package.
DISTRIBUTION
============
This software package is freely distributable. It may be put on any
media which is used for the distribution of free software, like Public
Domain disk collections, CDROMs, FTP servers or bulletin board systems.
In order to ensure the integrity of this software package,
distributors should use the original archive file umsrfc0_10.lha. The
author cannot be made responsible if this software package has become
unusable due to modifications of the archive contents or of the archive
file itself.
There is no limit on the costs of the distribution, e.g. for the
media, like floppy disks, streamer tapes or compact disks, or the
process of duplicating. Such limits have been proven to be harmful to
the idea of freely distributable software, e.g. instead of reducing the
price of the floppy disk below the limit, the software was simply
removed from the master disk.
Although the author does not impose any limit on the distribution of
this software package, he would like to express his personal opinions
on this matter:
* This software package should be made available to everyone free of
charge whenever it is possible.
* If you have acquired this software package under normal conditions
from a Public Domain dealer on a floppy disk at a price higher
than 5DM or US $5, then you have definitely paid too much. Please
don't support this improper profit making any longer and switch to
a cheaper source as soon as possible.
USAGE RESTRICTIONS
==================
No program, document, data file or source code from this software
package, neither in whole nor in part, may be used on any machine which
is used
* for the research, development, construction, testing or production
of weapons or other military applications. This also includes any
machine which is used in the education for any of the above
mentioned purposes.
* by people who accept, support or use violence against other
people, e.g. citizens from foreign countries.
A short tour through UMS, RFC and UUCP
**************************************
This chapter tries to give you a short overview about all UMS RFC
related topics.
Universal Message System
========================
UMS is a database system specifically designed for the storage of
mail and news messages. It has some special features which are
explained in this section.
For further information please read the documentation supplied with
UMS.
Standard UMS message format
---------------------------
UMS uses only
one
format for all messages. This makes it possible
to handle different kinds of networks, like FIDO or UUCP, with one
system. The user only needs to use message reader and all tools work
automatically with all messages. Messages can easily be exchanged
between different kinds of networks.
Messages from the outside have to be converted to this format before
handing them to UMS (importing). They also have to be converted from
this format when transferring messages from UMS to a network
(exporting). These conversions are handled by special programs called
Importers or Exporters. In UMS RFC the conversion is handled by the
umsrfc.library
which is used by all programs.
UMS address formats
...................
RFC addresses are mapped 1:1 to UMS addresses. Additionally UMS RFC
currently understands the following two UMS address formats. It can
convert them to and from RFC addresses:
<zone>:<hub>/<node>.<point>@fidonet
FIDO (FTN) address format
<box>.maus
Maus address format
Additional message information
..............................
UMS RFC supports several parameters which can be specified in the
UMS message field
Attributes
:
ALIAS
Use this alias for the address generation instead of rfc.username.
UMS RFC checks if this alias is valid for the creator of the
message.
RECEIPT-REQUEST
Send a receipt message to the specified address. This creates the
RFC header
Return-Receipt-To
. The address may be specified in
one of the following four different forms:
"" - Creates address for sender of message
<name> - Creates address for local user
<account@domain> - Any address may be specified
<name>,<account@domain> - Any address may be specfied
URGENT
Flag this message as urgent. This creates the following RFC header:
Priority: urgent
UMS <-> RFC conversion
......................
UMS itself is not a RFC system, which means that all messages must
be transformed from the RFC format to the UMS format and vice versa. Not
every piece of RFC information is used or stored by UMS, so the importer
must preserve the original information. All RFC header fields which are
not known to the importer are preserved.
There are two exceptions to this rule:
- The order of the RFC header fields is not always preserved.
Luckily, the RFC standards do not impose a strict order for most
of the header fields.
- If the message is a MIME message and the importer can decode the
information, the exporter will not reconstruct the original
message text. Instead it will create new MIME headers which
specify the new format.
The exporters use the additional information which is stored by the
importers to reconstruct the original messages. Here are some examples
where preserving of the information is needed:
From
Reply-To
These RFC fields contain the address and maybe the real name of
the user. Since this information is stored in two separate UMS
fields these lines must be parsed to extract the needed
information. This parsing process is not reversible.
Newsgroups
Crosspostings are stored as hard-linked messages, which appear in
different groups. But an importer for a system may not have write
access to all groups in the crossposting, so exporters can't
reconstruct this line by reading all hard-linked messages.
References
UMS only uses one message ID for message threading.
Mapping of RFC headers to UMS fields:
RFC header | UMS fields | Preserved
----------------------------------------------------------------
Control | - (cancel commands will be processed) | Yes
Date | Date & CDate |
Distribution | Distribution |
Followup-To | ReplyGroup |
From | FromAddr & FromName (MIME decoded) | Yes
In-Reply-To | ReferID | Yes
Message-ID | MessageID |
Newsgroups | Group (X messages hard linked) | Yes
Organization | Organization (MIME decoded) |
References | ReferID (the last id in the header) | Yes
Reply-To | ReplyAddr & ReplyName (MIME decoded) | Yes
Subject | Subject (MIME decoded) |
X-Mailer | Newsreader |
X-NewsReader | Newsreader |
<all others> | Comment | Yes
All control messages will be written to a special newsgroup called
rfc.control
. You have to make sure that this newsgroup is included in
the
WRITEACCESS
pattern of the importer user entries. You can allow
the distribution of control messages by adding this newsgroup to the
READACCESS
pattern of a exporter user entry.
Additional UMS fields used for creation of RFC headers during export:
UMS field | RFC header
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Attributes | (miscellaneous)
LogicalToAddr/Name | To (mail only, superseeds ToAddr)
RfcAttr | - (contents directly transferred into RFC message)
ToAddr/Name | To (mail only, also used as physical address)
UMS message base
----------------
All UMS messages are stored in a message base. This is a special
database controlled by the
umsserver
. Knowledge about exact format of
this database is not needed by the users because they don't access it
directly. They have to go through the standard Interface
ums.library
.
Multiple message bases can be active at the same time, each
controlled by its own
umsserver
. Even a message base on a remote
machine can be accessed via network. All the user has to do is to
specify the name of the message base:
<name>
Use the specified message base on the local machine.
<name>@<machine>
Use the specified message base on a remote machine using Envoy as
network software.
<machine>:<service>
<machine>:<port>
Access a message base on a remote machine using TCP-IP as network
software. The message base will be specified with the
configuration on the remote machine.
Different types of users
------------------------
UMS differentiates three types of users:
Users
They can read and write messages, but they don't have any special
rights.
System Operators
Users with special rights, also called SysOps. They may access the
headers of messages from other users to perform special tasks.
Note that they
can't
read the message text itself, only the
headers!
Exporters
Users with special read and write rights. They get read rights to
all messages which should be exported. They may also import
messages from remote systems.
UMS RFC needs one user with the name
postmaster
. It will send all
error messages as mail to this user. Normally you should add the alias
postmaster
to a SysOp user entry.
UMS operation modes
-------------------
UMS can be operated in three different modes for news distribution:
Leaf node
The last system in a news message distribution chain. It imports
news messages from one or more remote systems, but doesn't export
those news messages to other systems. Only local news messages are
exported to the remote systems. Most users should use this mode,
because it's very easy to maintain.
To make UMS behave like a leaf node use
( NodeMode "%")
Full node
This node is located inside a news message distribution chain. It
imports news messages from remote systems and exports them to
other remote systems. The maintainer of such a system must control
the message flow between the systems very carefully in order to
prevent loops and duplicate messages. Only experienced users
should use this mode.
With the UMS configuration variable
NodeMode
you can specify
which newsgroups should be handled by UMS in full node mode, e.g.
( NodeMode "comp.#?" )
All messages in newsgroups whose names match this pattern may be
read by other exporters. The actual message flow between the
systems is controlled with the variable
READACCESS
in the
exporter user entries.
Gateway
Such a node behaves like a full node, but additionally it can
distribute news messages between networks with different
technologies and newsgroup names. Such systems are very delicate
to handle, can cause many headaches and create many enemies and
flame wars. Only
VERY VERY
experienced users should use this
mode. You have been warned!
To operate UMS as gateway you have to have a special key, the
GateKey
.
This scheme is only applied to news messages, because they can
generate a very high amount of traffic in the networks. Mail messages
are always freely distributed between all systems.
Request for comments
====================
RFC are standards which define the Internet technology. Each RFC has
a unique number by which it can be identified, e.g. RFC 822. Currently
there are over 1700 RFC available, although some of the older ones have
been obsoleted by newer ones.
The following RFC define the standards for mail and news messages and
their transportation across networks.
The standard RFC message formats
--------------------------------
Two standards define the format of messages on the Internet:
RFC 822 (1982)
Standard for the format of ARPA Internet text messages
Defines the format of messages on the Internet. It is therefore
the most important standard for a RFC compliant messages handling
system. A message consists of two parts: the header and the body.
They are seperated by an empty line.
The header consists of non-empty lines with a keyword, followed by
a colon and the parameters. The standard defines many keywords,
their semantics and the syntax of their parameters. Especially it
specifies the format of time and address parameters. An example
message header looks like this:
From: "Joe Dumb User" <jduser@test.foo.bar>
To: "John Doe" <jd@dummy.do.main>
Subject: Test message
Date: Fri, 26 May 1995 13:25:07 +0100
Message-ID: <54208434@test.foo.bar>
The standard doesn't define any format for the mody of a message.
The only restriction is that only 7 Bit ASCII characters may be
used. This restriction may be circumvented with MIME.
RFC 1036 (1987)
Standard for Interchange of USENET Messages
This is the extension of RFC 822 for news messages. It defines
some new keywords, like
Newsgroups
and
Path
. Also some of the
many allowed variants in RFC 822 are narrowed down to a usable set
of options.
Multi-Purpose Message Extensions
--------------------------------
RFC 822 concentrates on the format of the message headers and
doesn't say much about the format of the message body. The body may
therefore only be used for plain text. Additionally it allows only 7
Bit ASCII as charset for messages.
These restrictions, especially when the biggest hype of the 90's
called Multimedia hit the message handling systems, led to
development of several extensions to RFC 822 called MIME:
RFC 1521 (1993)
MIME Part I: Mechanisms for Specifying and Describing
the Format of Internet Message Bodies
This defines a structure for the message body. The body may contain
Non-ASCII text and binary data. The encoding of the message body
for transportation over non-transparent links is specified.
Messages may be composed of several different types of data. A
mechanism for splitting up large messages into several smaller
ones is specified.
Additionally it defines some new RFC header fields which identify
a MIME message and specify the contents and the encoding of the
message body.
RFC 1522 (1993)
MIME Part II: Message Header Extensions for Non-ASCII Text
Specifies the encoding of Non-ASCII text in RFC message headers.
This allows you to use such texts in subjects.
UMS RFC currently only supports the decoding of message headers
and bodies on import and the encoding of message bodies on export. So
you may use all ISO-8859-1 characters in the message body, like
Σ
,
ß
and
▀
.
Network News Transfer Protocol
------------------------------
USENET, the biggest news distribution system of the world, originally
used UUCP as transportation mechanism. But with the advent of the
Internet with its online connections a new mechanism was needed. This
led to the development of the NNTP:
RFC 977 (1986)
Network News Transfer Protocol
This standard specifies a synchronous protocol between two news
exchanging entities, a client and a server. The client plays the
active role and sends commands, like
POST
or
GROUP
, to the
server. It then waits for a response of the server which contains
status or error codes or the news message. Only after that the
client may send the next command.
A special protocol is defined if the client is also a news server.
The client announces which new messages are available from its
system and the server can request or reject them. This lowers the
network traffic because messages are only transferred once even if
there are multiple redundant distribution paths available for a
message.
Post Office Protocol (Version 3)
--------------------------------
On systems where user mailboxes are not available network-wide
because of a missing network file system or security reasons the mail
messages are usually received by one host. This central server plays
the role of a post office which handles the mailboxes for its users.
The server can be accessed using POP3.
RFC 1081 (1988)
Post Office Protocol - Version 3
Defines the synchronous protocol between a server and a client.
Note that the client can only retrieve messages. For sending mail
messages he has to use another protocol like SMTP.
First the client has to send the user name and the password to gain
access to the mailbox. The client may then retrieve messages from
the mailbox. It may also mark messages for deletion, but the
server will physically delete the messages only after the client
has send the command to close the connection.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
-----------------------------
One of the first applications for the Internet was the exchange of
electronic mail. Several protocols for transferring mail messages over
networks have been defined, but the most commonly used one is SMTP.
RFC 821 (1982)
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Defines a synchronous protocol between two mail exchanging
entities. The calling party plays the active role which can be
changed during the conversation, but this option seldomly used.
For each mail the active part first transmits the senders address
and then a list with the recipient addresses. These addresses are
checked by the receiving side. After that the mail message is
transferred.
Internet protocol stack
-----------------------
TCP/IP is the most commonly used abbreviation for protocol suite
used on the Internet. Although there are several other protocols in use
the most important are IP and TCP.
IP - Internet Protocol
Defines an unreliable, connectionless datagram service which is
the base for
all
Internet protocols and services. IP datagrams
contain a destination adddress which enables the interconnecting
systems to route a datagram from the sender to the recipient. The
addresses, the so called IP numbers, are 32 Bit wide. The arrival
and the order of the datagrams is not guaranteed with IP.
IP can be used on many different types of network hardware.
Examples are Ethernet, FDDI, serial lines (SLIP, CSLIP or PPP) or
X.25.
TCP - Transmission Control Protocol
Defines a reliable, connection oriented stream protocol. From the
point of the user the connection looks like a FIFO, that is the
bytes arrive in the same order as he sends them. TCP splits the
stream into datagrams and reassembles them at the receiving side.
It also makes sure that the datagrams are placed correctly when
they arrive out of order. Lost or errorneous datagrams are
requested again from the sender.
Unix to Unix CoPy
=================
UUCP was originally written to transfer files to a remote UNIX
machine. The syntax of the main command
uucp
is the same as the UNIX
cp
command hence the name. Each file transfer request creates a job
which is stored in the so called spool directory for the remote system.
At certain times the local machine checks if there are any files
waiting to be transferred to the remote system. It then starts the
command
uucico
(Unix to Unix Copy In Copy Out) which automatically
contacts the remote system via a modem line or a TCP-IP connection.
The remote system then starts its own
uucico
and both programs
process their jobs and send the files forth and back.
Even remote command execution is possible with UUCP. To achieve this
a job with three files is created. Two of them are data files with the
prefix
D.
. One of these contains the data and the other the commands
how to process the data file on the remote system. The third file with
the prefix
C.
contains the commands for
uucico
to send both files
to the remote system.
The command file is renamed to a file with the prefix
X.
on the
remote system. After the connection has been closed
uucico
starts the
command
uuxqt
(Unix to Unix eXeCuTion?). It looks into the spool
directory for files with the prefix
X.
and processes the commands.
This mechanism can be also used to transfer mail and news messages
(The news distribution system USENET was originally based on UUCP). The
data file contains a message in the Message Formats format and the
command file contains mail and news processing commands, like
rmail
.
Only mail messages are transferred in this way nowadays, because
small files degrade the performance of the file transfer. This can be
avoided if the data file contains several messages (batching). News
messages can simply be concatenated into one file, because they already
contain the message length in the header. For mail messages an adaption
of the SMTP format is used, called Batched SMTP (BSMTP).
To reduce the amount of data which needs to be transferred batched
files are usually compressed. Currently in use are three compression
methods: compress, freeze and gzip. Normally only the plain output of
those programs is stored in the data file, but compressed news batches
usually contain a small text header which identifies the compression
method.
Requirements for using UMS RFC
******************************
This version of UMS RFC requires the following things:
* AmigaOS 2.04 (V37) or better.
* UMS V11 or better.
* AmiTCP 3.0 or better if you are using TCP-IP.
* A service provider for Mail and News via UUCP or TCP-IP (NNTP,
POP3 or SMTP).
Description of all directories in this distribution
***************************************************
UMS RFC uses the standard UMS directory structure, so you can easily
unpack the distribution into your UMS directory.
UMS/Bin
UMS RFC programs and some utility programs. Add this directory
to your command path.
UMS/Devs
Contains the
telser.device
.
UMS/Docs/english
Documentation (ASCII and AmigaGuide) for UMS RFC in english.
UMS/Libs
umsrfc.library
and some utility libraries. Copy these to your
LIBS:
directory or add this directory to your
LIBS:
path with
Assign LIBS: UMS/Libs ADD
UMS/Networks/RFC/convert
Scripts to import existing mail and news messages from other UUCP
packages into an Message Base.
UMS/Networks/RFC/db
Example configuration files for
telser
. Copy these to the
directory
AMITCP:db
UMS/Networks/RFC/lib
Example configuration files for UUCP. Copy these to the directory
UULIB:
UMS/Networks/RFC/src
This directory contains the
History
file with the complete story
about the development of UMS RFC and its predecessors.
How to configure UMS RFC
************************
UMS RFC offers many options and this chapter explains the
configuration. Please read it carefully because a proper configuration
is essential for the correct operation of UMS RFC.
AmigaDOS environment variables
==============================
Only one environment variable is currently used by UMS RFC:
UMSUUCP.mb
This variable tells the command uuxqt which Message Base it should
use to import UUCP batches.
UMS configuration variables
===========================
Most of the options are configured using the UMS variables which are
explained in this section.
Domain name for your system
---------------------------
rfc.domainname
The fully qualified domain name (FQDN) for your system. The FQDN
consists of the hostname plus the name of your domain. This
variable is
mandantory
for using UMS RFC.
Example:
( rfc.domainname "foobar.earth.sol.galaxy" )
Path name for your system
-------------------------
rfc.pathname
The name of your system in the "Path:" line for news messages. If
your system is a registered UUCP node, then this variable only
needs to contain the hostname of your system. Otherwise it must
contain the FQDN of your system. This variable is
mandantory
for using UMS RFC. See also rfc.domainname.
Example for normal nodes:
( rfc.domainname "foobar.earth.sol.galaxy" )
( rfc.pathname "foobar.earth.sol.galaxy" )
Example for registered UUCP nodes:
( rfc.domainname "foobar.earth.sol.galaxy" )
( rfc.pathname "foobar" )
Account name for a local UMS RFC user
-------------------------------------
rfc.username
This is the
account
name for a user. This variable is
mandantory
for every UMS user whose messages are exported
with UMS RFC. The user entry also must contain an alias for this
name.
Example:
( rfc.domainname "foobar.earth.sol.galaxy" )
( User
( Name "Joe Dumb User" )
( Alias "jduser" )
...
( rfc.username "jduser" )
)
The above example will result in the following Internet address for
the user:
jduser@foobar.earth.sol.galaxy
Address conversions during message export
-----------------------------------------
rfc.export.*
This set of variables specificies the domain names used in the
address conversion for exporting messages from non RFC compliant
nets. Currently defined are the conversions for Fido (FTN) and
Maus, using the following variables:
rfc.export.fido (Default: .fidonet.org)
rfc.export.maus (Default: .maus.de)
Example:
( rfc.export.fido ".fido.de" )
( rfc.export.maus ".maus.sub.org" )
The above example will result in the following address conversion:
Joe User,1:2/3.4@fidonet -> Joe_User@p4.f3.n2.z1.fido.de
Joe User,HB.maus -> Joe_User@HB.maus.sub.org
Address conversions during message import
-----------------------------------------
rfc.import.*
This set of variables specificies the domain names used in
the address conversion for importing messages arriving from a RFC
compliant net, but which originate in a non RFC compliant net.
You may specify several domain names for each type of net,
separated by commas. Currently defined are the conversions for
Fido (FTN) and Maus, using the following variables:
rfc.import.fido (Default: .fidonet.org)
rfc.import.maus (Default: .maus.de)
Example:
( rfc.import.fido ".fido.de,.fidonet.org" )
( rfc.import.maus ".maus.sub.org" )
The above example will result in the following address conversion:
Joe_User@p4.f3.n2.z1.fidonet.org -> Joe User,1:2/3.4@fidonet
Joe_User@p4.f3.n2.z1.fido.de -> Joe User,1:2/3.4@fidonet
Joe_User@HB.maus.sub.org -> Joe User,HB.maus
Encoding of mail message texts during export
--------------------------------------------
rfc.mailencoding
When exporting mail messages which contain non-ASCII characters for
transportation over non-transparent (that is 8 bit clean) links,
UMS RFC can encode them according to the MIME standard. The
following values are allowed for this variable:
0 Don't encode (Default)
1 Encode as
quoted-printable
Example:
( rfc.mailencoding 1 )
Encoding of news message texts during export
--------------------------------------------
rfc.newsencoding
When exporting news messages which contain non-ASCII characters for
transportation over non-transparent (that is 8 bit clean) links,
UMS RFC can encode them according to the MIME standard. The
following values are allowed for this variable:
0 Don't encode (Default)
1 Encode as
quoted-printable
Example:
( rfc.newsencoding 1 )
Access rights for remote NNTP clients
-------------------------------------
nntpd.access
When a remote client tries to connect the NNTP service the umsnntpd
server daemon reads the contents of this variable to find out
which access rights the client has. The variable may contain
multiple lines of the following format:
<Name pattern> <UMS user name>,<Post Y/N>,<Server Y/N>
The check is based on the domain name of the machine on which the
client runs. The patterns from the first line down to the last
line will be used to match the domain name. When a pattern matches
then the access rights of this entry are used for the client. If
no pattern matches the access is denied with an error message.
The account of the specified UMS user name is used to export and
import the news messages. If the second parameter is set to
Y
then posting (that is importing) of news messages with the
POST
command is allowed. If the third parameter is also set
to
Y
then the client is a NNTP server and is allowed to use the
IHAVE
command for transferring news messages.
Example:
( nntpd.access
"localhost NNTP1,Y,Y\\n"
"*.ping.de NNTP2,Y,N\\n"
"* NNTP3,N,N\\n" )
The above example allows full access for a client running on the
local machine. Clients running on machines in the domain
ping.de
are
allowed to post news messages. All other machines are only allowed to
read news messages. Using three different UMS users you can control
which newsgroups are visible for each of the three categories using the
READACCESS
variable.
Group list for news message import
----------------------------------
nntpget.groups
The NNTP importer umsnntpget looks into this variable to find out
which newsgroups it should request from the remote server. It may
contain multiple lines. If you are using the option
-g
each line
must contain one newsgroup name. If you don't use this option then
each line may contain multiple group name patterns seperated by
commas and even negations.
Example (use with option
-g
):
( nntpget.groups "group.a\\n"
"group.b\\n"
"group.d\\n"
"de.test.a\\n"
"foo.bar.a\\n"
"foo.bar.b\\n" )
Example (use without option
-g
):
( nntpget.groups "group.*,!group.c,de.test.a\\n"
"foo.bar.*\\n" )
Configuration for mail batches
------------------------------
uucp.mailexport
This variable tells the UUCP exporter ums2uucp in which format
mail messages should be exported. The syntax is as follows:
<command>[,<batch>[,<compress command>[,<header>[,<max size>]]]]
command
Command name for the
C
line in the UUCP command file. You
have to talk to the administrator of your host which commands
his software accepts and how it interprets them. The
following table shows some common names for mail batches:
Name | Meaning
-----------------------------------------------
rmail | unbatched, uncompressed mail
rbsmtp | batched, uncompressed mail
rcbsmtp | batched, compressed (compress) mail
rbcsmtp | batched, compressed (compress) mail
rfbsmtp | batched, compressed (freeze) mail
rbfsmtp | batched, compressed (freeze) mail
rgbsmtp | batched, compressed (gzip) mail
rbgsmtp | batched, compressed (gzip) mail
batch
This optional parameter specifies if several mail message
should be merged into one file (batching).
compress command
Name of a command for the optional compression of the data
files. Legal values are
compress
,
freeze
and
gzip
. If
you leave this field empty the data files won't be compressed.
header
If this field is not empty, then the following header line
will be created in the data file:
#! <header text>
Mail batches normally don't contain any headers, so you may
leave this field empty.
max size
Maximum size for one batch file. When it reaches this size it
will be closed and a new batch file will be used. The default
size is 65536 bytes.
Example for unbatched, uncompressed mail:
( uucp.mailexport "rmail" )
Example for batched, uncompressed mail, no header, batch size 65536
Bytes:
( uucp.mailexport "rbsmtp,Y" )
Example for batched, compressed mail, no header, batch size 300000
Bytes:
( uucp.mailexport "rcbsmtp,Y,compress,,300000" )
Configuration for news batches
------------------------------
uucp.newsexport
This variable tells the UUCP exporter ums2uucp in which format
news messages should be exported. The syntax is as follows:
<command>[,<batch>[,<compress command>[,<header>[,<max size>]]]]
command
Command name for the
C
line in the UUCP command file. You
have to talk to the administrator of your host which commands
his software accepts and how it interprets them. Normally you
should set this to
rnews
.
batch
This optional parameter specifies if several news message
should be merged into one file (batching). Usually
non-batched news transfer is a bad idea.
compress command
Name of a command for the optional compression of the data
files. Legal values are
compress
,
freeze
and
gzip
. If
you leave this field empty the data files won't be compressed.
header
If this field is not empty, then the following header line
will be created in the data file:
#! <header text>
The following table shows some common header texts:
Name | Meaning
------------------------------------------------
cunbatch | batched, compressed (compress) news
funbatch | batched, compressed (freeze) news
gunbatch | batched, compressed (gzip) news
You should talk to the administrator of your host which
headers and compression types are supported by the software
of the host system.
max size
Maximum size for one batch file. When it reaches this size it
will be closed and a new batch file will be used. The default
size is 65536 bytes.
Example for batched, uncompressed news, no header, batch size 300000
Bytes:
( uucp.newsexport "rnews,Y,,,300000" )
Example for batched, compressed news, with header (#! cunbatch),
batch size 65536 Bytes:
( uucp.newsexport "rnews,Y,compress,cunbatch" )
UUCP node name for your system
------------------------------
uucp.nodename
UUCP node name for your system. This name should not be longer than
7 characters.
Example:
( uucp.nodename "foobar" )
Name of the file for debugging output
-------------------------------------
uucp.debugfile
Output file for error logs. Useful only for debugging.
Example:
( uucp.logfile "t:uucp.log" )
Debug level
-----------
uucp.debuglevel
Set the highest log level. Messages with a higher level are not
logged. Useful only for debugging.
Example:
( uucp.loglevel 5 )
Smart or dump UUCP host
-----------------------
uucp.dumbhost
Set this to
Y
when your host requires RFC976 style UUCP mail
envelopes. Default is to generate normal envelopes. With a given
address and date, a normal envelope looks like this:
From <user>@<domain> <date>
A RFC976 envelope looks like this:
From <user> <date> remote from <domain>
Ask the administrator of your host what envelope type is expected
by the software used on the host system.
Example:
( uucp.dumbhost "Y" )
Filter CR characters
--------------------
uucp.filtercr
If this variable is set to
Y
then incoming UUCP data files are
stripped of CR characters before processing them.
Example:
( uucp.filtercr "Y" )
Keep dupe messages
------------------
uucp.keepdupes
Normally duplicate messages are flagged as error and the UUCP job
is not deleted. Sometimes dupes can't be avoided, because UUCP is
an offline protocol, that means there is no way to detect dupes on
the sending hosts. On a system with several hosts and high traffic
this can result in a high number of bad job files lying around,
which do not contain real errors. If you set this variable to
N
then bad jobs, which had only dupe errors, are
automatically deleted.
Example:
( uucp.keepdupes "N" )
Log dupe messages
-----------------
uucp.logdupes
Normally duplicate messages are also logged in the UMS RFC error
log. If you don't want to bother with dupes then you should set
this to
N
. See also uucp.keepdupes.
Example:
( uucp.logdupes "N" )
Mail routing configuration
--------------------------
uucp.mailroute
Sometimes it's important to specify static routes for outgoing
mails. Normally this variable is empty so NO routing information
will be generated. Each line in this variable consists of an
address pattern and a list of hosts:
<address pattern> [<host1>[,<host2>....]]
When the recipient address matches the address pattern and the
host list is not empty, then the UUCP exporter ums2uucp will
create an explicit mail route. The route information will be added
AFTER the address conversion for non RFC compliant nets has been
applied.
If the variable does contain several lines, then the patterns will
be tried from the first line down to the last line until one
pattern matches. If no pattern matches, then no route information
will be generated.
Example:
( uucp.mailroute "#?.maus.de host1\\n"
"#?.zer.sub.org host2,host3\\n"
"#?.fidonet.org\\n"
"#?.de host4\\n" )
The following test cases:
user@box.maus.de
user@box.zer.sub.org
user@f7.n242.z2.fidonet.org
user@zauber.nase.de
user@dummy.blubb.edu
are translated to the following mail routes for non-batched mail
tranfer:
C rmail host1!box.maus.de!user
C rmail host2!host3!box.zer.sub.org!user
C rmail user@f7.n242.z2.fidonet.org
C rmail host4!zauber.nase.de!user
C rmail user@dummy.blubb.edu
and to the following mail routes for batched mail transfer:
RCPT TO: <@host1:user@box.maus.de>
RCPT TO: <@host2,@host3:user@box.zer.sub.org>
RCPT TO: <user@f7.n242.z2.fidonet.org>
RCPT TO: <@host4:user@zauber.nase.de>
RCPT TO: <user@dummy.blubb.edu>
Limit number of recipients
--------------------------
uucp.recipients
Limits the number of recipients for one mail file. If there are
more recipients then the UUCP exporter ums2uucp will create
several mail files for one mail. The default is to put all
recipients in one mail file.
Example:
( uucp.recipients 2 )
Using the above example on a mail with three recipients will result
in two separate mails to be send. If unbatched mail transfer is used
then the following two
C
lines are generated in the command files:
C rmail usera@test1.foo.bar,userb@test2.foo.bar
C rmail userc@test3.foo.bar
If batched mail transfer is used then the following commands
are generated in the batch file:
MAIL FROM: <user@test.foo.bar>
RCPT TO: <usera@test1.foo.bar>
RCPT TO: <userb@test2.foo.bar>
DATA
...
MAIL FROM: <user@test.foo.bar>
RCPT TO: <userc@test3.foo.bar>
DATA
Description of all UMS RFC commands
***********************************
This section contains the description of all UMS RFC commands and
their command line options. The following syntax will be used:
-a Mandantory command line option. You may not omit this
option when using a command.
-b <...> Command line option with parameter. The space between
the option and the parameter is optional.
[-c <...>] Optional command line option. You may omit this option
when using a command. The default value will be used
instead.
The following UMS RFC commands are available:
NNTP exporter
=============
The command
umsnntp
exports news messages via NNTP to a remote
host.
Syntax:
umsnntp -h <remote host>
[-S <Service name or port number>]
[-p <UMS password>]
[-s <UMS message base>]
[-u <UMS user name>]
[-b <select bit>]
[-i]
[-c]
[-r <n>]
Defaults:
-S Service
nntp
(port 119)
-p No password
-s Default message base
-u User
NNTP
-b No select bit
-r 360
Explanation of the command line options:
-b
Bit number of an additional select bit. Only messages with this
bit set in the user flags will be exported. This can be used to
run a special filter program before exporting with
umsnntp
.
-i
Use the
IHAVE
command to send the news messages to the remote
host. If you don't specify this option, then the
POST
command is
used. Most NNTP servers don't allow the
IHAVE
command for
clients, so you may not be able to use this option.
-c
Export news messages continously. After exporting all new messages
umsnntp
will wait 1 minute and then will start to export all new
messages which arrived in the meantime.
-r
Causes
umsnntp
to rescan the whole message base for new messages
after
n
export runs. All messages which couldn't be sent until
now will be sent again. This option is only useful in conjunction
with
-c
.
See also UMS options and Protocol options.
NNTP importer (server daemon)
=============================
The command
umsnntpd
is a server daemon which offers a transfer
service for news messages via NNTP to remote clients. It can only be
executed by the Internet Super Daemon Inetd.
Syntax:
umsnntpd [<UMS user name>]
[<UMS password>]
[<UMS message base>]
Defaults:
User
NNTPD
No password
Default message base
NNTP importer
=============
The command
umsnntp
imports news messages via NNTP from a remote
host.
Syntax:
umsnntpget -h <remote host>
[-S <Service name or port number>]
[-p <UMS password>]
[-s <UMS message base>]
[-u <UMS user name>]
[-g]
[-P <n>]
[-c]
[-q]
Defaults:
-S Service
nntp
(port 119)
-p No password
-s Default message base
-u User
NNTP
-P 1
Explanation of the command line options:
-g
Use the commands
GROUP
,
STAT
and
NEXT
to scan for new news
messages. This may lower the load on the remote NNTP server but
the transfer overhead may be significantely higher, especially if
the server uses long expiration periods for news messages. If you
don't specify this option the command
NEWNEWS
is used which only
transfers information about new messages.
-P
Use
n
(up to 20) parallel processes to transfer news messages.
This is useful to make the transfer of news messages over a slow
serial link more efficient by using most of the available
bandwidth.
-c
Use parameters on the command line after the last valid command
line option as input parameters. You may request news messages by
message ID:
umsnntpget -h nntphost -c 1234@dummy.do.main 6789@test.foo.bar
or by group names:
umsnntpget -h nntphost -c -g comp.sys.amiga.misc comp.sys.amiga.datacomm
-q
Don't print message ids.
See also UMS options and Protocol options.
POP3 importer
=============
The command
umspop3
imports mail messages via POP3 from a remote
host.
Syntax:
umspop3 -h <remote host>
[-S <Service name or port number>]
[-p <UMS password>]
[-s <UMS message base>]
[-u <UMS user name>]
-n <mailbox name>
-i <mailbox password>
[-c]
Defaults:
-S Service
pop3
(port 110)
-p No password
-s Default message base
-u User
POP3
Explanation of the command line options:
-n
Name of the mailbox on the remote host.
-i
Password for the mailbox on the remote host.
-c
Import mail messages continously. After importing all new messages
umspop3
will wait 1 minute and then will start to import all new
messages which arrived in the meantime.
See also UMS options and Protocol options.
SMTP exporter
=============
The command
umssmtp
exports mail messages via SMTP to a remote
host.
Syntax:
umssmtp -h <remote host>
[-S <Service name or port number>]
[-p <UMS password>]
[-s <UMS message base>]
[-u <UMS user name>]
[-b <select bit>]
[-c]
[-r <n>]
Defaults:
-S Service
smtp
(port 25)
-p No password
-s Default message base
-u User
SMTP
-b No select bit
-r 360
Explanation of the command line options:
-b
Bit number of an additional select bit. Only messages with this
bit set in the user flags will be exported. This can be used to
run a special filter program before exporting with
umssmtp
.
-c
Export mail messages continously. After exporting all new messages
umssmtp
will wait 1 minute and then will start to export all new
messages which arrived in the meantime.
-r
Causes
umssmtp
to rescan the whole message base for new messages
after
n
export runs. All messages which couldn't be sent until
now will be sent again. This option is only useful in conjunction
with
-c
.
See also UMS options and Protocol options.
SMTP importer (server daemon)
=============================
The command
umssmtpd
is a server daemon which offers a transfer
service for mail messages via SMTP to remote clients. It can only be
executed by the Internet Super Daemon Inetd.
Syntax:
umssmtpd [<UMS user name>]
[<UMS password>]
[<UMS message base>]
Defaults:
User
SMTPD
No password
Default message base
UUCP exporter
=============
The command
ums2uucp
exports mail and news messages and creates
batch files for the transfer via UUCP to a remote host.
Syntax:
ums2uucp -h <remote host>
[-p <UMS password>]
[-s <UMS message base>]
[-u <UMS user name>]
[-b <select bit>]
[-d <n>]
Defaults:
-p No password
-s Default message base
-u User
UUCP
-b No select bit
-d 0
Explanation of the command line options:
-h
UUCP node name of the remote host.
-b
Bit number of an additional select bit. Only messages with this
bit set in the user flags will be exported. This can be used to
run a special filter program before exporting with
ums2uucp
.
-d
UUCP log level: 0, 1, 2 or 3.
See also UMS options.
UUCP importer
=============
The command
uuxqt
imports mail and news messages from batch files
which were transferred via UUCP from a remote host. This command is
normally only executed by the UUCP transfer program
uucico
.
Syntax:
uuxqt [-p <UMS password>]
[-d <n>]
[<subdirectory>]
Defaults:
-p No password
-d 0
Explanation of the command line options:
-p
Password for the UMS user. This will be used for
ALL
logins.
-d
UUCP log level: 0, 1, 2 or 3.
subdirectory
Name of the subdirectory in the UUCP spool directory. This
parameter is supplied by
uucico
when a hierarchical spool
directory structure is used.
uuxqt
uses the following system for the Users:
uucp.default Used as the first login to read the configuration.
uucp.<name> Used when importing a batch from node
name
.
Common UMS related command line options
=======================================
The following UMS related comand line options are understood by most
of the programs:
-p
Password for the Users.
-s
Name of the Message Base used for importing or exporting.
-u
Name of the Users.
Common protocol related command line options
============================================
The following protocol related comand line options are understood by
most of the programs:
-h
Name or IP number of the remote host.
-S
Name or port number of the TCP-IP service. All services have
default port numbers so this option should normally not be used.
Some example UMS RFC configurations
***********************************
Configuration for an UMS RFC user
=================================
Excerpt from the file
ums.config
:
( User
( Alias
jduser
postmaster
)
( Readaccess "#?" )
( Writeaccess "#?" )
( Netaccess "#?" )
( Import "%" )
( Name "Joe Dumb User" )
( Password "top secret" )
( rfc.username "jduser" )
)
Configuration for a simple node
===============================
Excerpt from the file
ums.config
:
( Aka "#?@test.(foo.bar|uucp)" )
( NodeMode "%" )
( Exporter
( Alias
uucp.default
NNTP
POP3
SMTP
UUCP
)
( Readaccess "#?" )
( Writeaccess "#?" )
( Netaccess "#?" )
( Import "#?" )
( Export "#?" )
( Distribution "#?" )
( Name uucp.dummy )
( Password )
( rfc.domainname "test.foo.bar" )
( rfc.mailencoding 0 )
( rfc.newsencoding 0 )
( rfc.pathname "test.foo.bar" )
( uucp.dumbhost "Y" )
( uucp.keepdupes "Y" )
( uucp.logdupes "Y" )
( uucp.mailexport "rmail,N" )
( uucp.newsexport "rnews,Y,compress,cunbatch,300000" )
( uucp.nodename "test" )
)
This system receives all messages from the node
dummy
. It will
send out unbatched mail messages and batched, compressed news messages
to the node
dummy
. The transmission link to the remote node is
transparent, so no encoding is needed. The users on this system will
have the address
<user>@test.foo.bar
To poll the node
dummy
with UUCP the user has to use the following
commands:
ums2uucp -h dummy
uucico -sdummy
To send out mail and news message via TCP-IP and to fetch mail
messages the user has to use the following commands:
umssmtp -h dummy.foo.bar
umsnntp -h dummy.foo.bar
umspop3 -h dummy.foo.bar -n jduser -i more_top_secret
Configuration for a full node
=============================
Excerpt from the file
ums.config
:
( Aka "#?@test.(foo.bar|uucp)" )
( NodeMode "(comp|sci).#?" )
( rfc.domainname "test.foo.bar" )
( rfc.pathname "test.foo.bar" )
( Exporter
( Alias
uucp.default
UUCP
)
( Readaccess "(comp|sci).#?" )
( Writeaccess "(comp|sci).#?" )
( Netaccess "#?" )
( Import "#?" )
( Export "#?.foo.bar" )
( Distribution "#?" )
( Name uucp.dummy )
( Password )
( rfc.mailencoding 1 )
( rfc.newsencoding 1 )
( uucp.dumbhost "Y" )
( uucp.keepdupes "N" )
( uucp.logdupes "Y" )
( uucp.mailexport "rbsmtp,Y" )
( uucp.newsexport "rnews,Y,gzip,gunbatch" )
( uucp.nodename "test" )
)
( Exporter
( Alias
NNTPD
POP3
SMTP
SMTPD
)
( Readaccess "#?" )
( Writeaccess "#?" )
( Netaccess "#?" )
( Import "#?" )
( Export "~(#?.foo.bar)" )
( Distribution "#?" )
( Name NNTP )
( Password )
( rfc.mailencoding 0 )
( rfc.newsencoding 0 )
)
In this setup the newsgroup hierarchies
comp
and
sci
are
distributed between two systems. Mail messages to the domain
foo.bar
are send out with UUCP, all others are send out with SMTP.
Configuration for a gateway
===========================
Excerpt from the file
ums.config
:
( Netgroup
"comp.sys.amiga.misc"
"fidonet.comp.sys.amiga.misc"
)
( Exporter
( Alias
uucp.default
NNTP
NNTPD
POP3
SMTP
SMTPD
UUCP
)
( Readaccess "comp.#?" )
( Writeaccess "comp.#?" )
( Netaccess "#?" )
( Import "#?" )
( Export "~(#?@fidonet)" )
( Distribution "#?" )
( Name uucp.dummy )
( Password )
( rfc.domainname "test.foo.bar" )
( rfc.mailencoding 0 )
( rfc.newsencoding 0 )
( rfc.pathname "test.foo.bar" )
( uucp.dumbhost "Y" )
( uucp.keepdupes "N" )
( uucp.logdupes "Y" )
( uucp.mailexport "rbsmtp,Y" )
( uucp.newsexport "rnews,Y,gzip,gunbatch" )
( uucp.nodename "test" )
)
The example shows the UMS RFC part of a gateway configuration. One
newsgroup is distributed between networks with different technologies
(gating).
Security Configuration
======================
If you are using the commercial version of AmiTCP you may limit the
access to your system. The file
AMITCP:db/inet.access
contains the
rules which services may be used on your system. The following two lines
allow the access to the services NNTP and SMTP from any host on the
Internet:
smtp * allow LOG
nntp * allow LOG
Configuration for the Internet Super Daemon
===========================================
The daemons for the NNTP and SMTP services are started automatically
when a remote host accesses those services. Add the following two lines
to the
inetd
configuration file
AMITCP:db/inetd.conf
:
smtp stream tcp nowait root UMS:Bin/umssmtpd umssmtpd
nntp stream tcp nowait root UMS:Bin/umsnntpd umsnntpd
Services configuration
======================
To use the services NNTP, POP3 and SMTP the file
AMITCP:db/services
must contain the following lines:
smtp 25/tcp
pop3 110/tcp
nntp 119/tcp
UUCP directories
================
UUCP needs three directories for its work:
Spool directory
Directory for command, data and log files. You should assign
UUSPOOL:
to this directory. Each remote site has its own
subdirectory. In each subdirectory there should be a directory
bad-jobs
for errorneous jobs. Example with two remote systems
named
dummy
and
test
:
1> Dir UUSPOOL: all
dummy (dir)
bad-jobs (dir)
test (dir)
bad-jobs (dir)
logfile TimeLog
XferStat
Configuration directory
UUCP configuration file reside here. You should assign
UULIB:
to
this directory.
1> Dir UULIB:
config L.Ports
L.Sys security
seq
Public directory
Download and upload area for UUCP. You should assign
UUPUB:
to
this directory.
Main UUCP configuration
=======================
The file
UULIB:config
contains the UUCP configuration. A minimal
configuration only needs your node name, a dummy user name and a
setting for the debug level:
NodeName foobar
UserName root
Debug 0
UUCP ports description
======================
The file
UULIB:L.Ports
describes the devices which
uucico
uses to
contact remote systems. Normally this is a serial port with a modem, so
the file should look like this:
acu=ser device=serial.device unit=0
If you want to use UUCP over TCP-IP you must add another device to
this file:
acu=tcp device=telser.device unit=0
Remote UUCP Systems
===================
The file
UULIB:L.Sys
describes how
uucico
can contact remote
systems. This includes the device to use, the serial line speed, the
phone number and the login script:
dummy Any ser 19200 ATDP123456 ogin: foobar ssword: hello
To contact a remote system with UUCP over TCP-IP you replace the
phone number with the hostname of the remote system. So the line should
look like this:
dummy Any tcp 19200 dummy ogin: foobar ssword: hello
UUCP poll script
================
The following script first exports all messages to the remote system
and then contacts it. You can specify the name of the remote system as
parameter:
.KEY SYSTEM
.DEF SYSTEM dummy
.BRA {
.KET }
ums2uucp -h {SYSTEM}
uucico -s{SYSTEM}
Telser configuration
====================
The file
AMITCP:db/telser.conf
describes the configuration for
every unit of the
telser.device
. For the unit 0 it should look like
this:
0 "" NoOperation NOOPENWIN NOLINGER NODEBUG T:telser.log
Host descriptions
=================
The file
AMITCP:db/telser.hosts
contains the descriptions of the
remote systems. If you
dial
a remote system using the
telser.device
it looks into this file to find out the hostname
and the parameters. For our example system it looks like this:
dummy dummy.do.main 540 "" 00000000001
Please make sure that the 11th bit is set, because it activates the
transparent mode of
telser.device
which is a
must
for UUCP over
TCP-IP.
Solutions to common UMS RFC problems
************************************
Error: No rfc.username for...
You have forgotten to add the variable rfc.username to the user
entry of a lokal user.
Error: Can't write article, check WRITEACCESS!
UMS RFC couldn't write the article to
any
newsgroup. You have
requested a newsgroup but forgotten to add it to the
WRITEACCESS
patter of the importer entry. If you are
receiving control messages you must also add the newsgroup
rfc.control
to this pattern!
Error: Can't get connection data!
You forgot to update the service file of your AmiTCP
installation. See Services.
You should also read the FAQ about UMS.
History of UMS RFC
******************
0.10 (04-Jun-1995)
- First official release of the UMS RFC package the successor
of the UMS UUCP package.
- All RFC from/to UMS conversions are handled by the
umsrfc.library
now.
- Support for NNTP, POP3, SMTP, UUCP.
- New documentation.
For all older versions please read the file
History
in the source
directory.
Not yet implemented features
****************************
The following things have not yet been implemented. The order shown
below doesn't imply any priority for an item:
* MX support for the SMTP exporter umssmtp.
* Encoding/Decoding with
base64
in MIME messages.
* A server daemon for the POP3 protocol.
* MIME encoding of messages headers.
* The address conversion should be freely configurable. Does anyone
have a good reference for a pattern search & replace algorithm
(like in perl)?
Where to send bug reports & comments
************************************
The author can be reached at the following addresses:
Postal address:
Stefan Becker
Verkehrsstrasse 11
44809 Bochum
GERMANY
Internet Electronic Mail:
stefanb@yello.ping.de
The author wants to thank
*************************
I want to thank all users of the public beta version for testing
this package. Especially I want to thank Matthias Scheler and
Bernhard M÷llemann who tested intermediate versions on their systems.
Many thanks also to the members of the
UMS-Dev
mailing list
for the discussions and the ideas.
Thanks go to Kai `wusel' Siering for allowing me to include his
version of
uucico
in this package. You may find the latest version of
the program in his UUCP package called
wUUCP
on Aminet in the
directory
comm/uucp
.
Thanks also to Sam Yee for allowing me to include parts of his
telser
package. You may find the latest version of his package on
Aminet in the directory
comm/tcp
.
telser
is Shareware, so if you
use it regularly
PLEASE
do register it!
Index
*****
Account name rfc.username
Address Authors address
Attributes Attributes
Bug reports Authors address
Command Line Options Commands
Command Syntax Commands
Comments Authors address
Common Problems Answers
Configuration Configuration
Conversion Conversion
Copyright Copyright
Credits Credits
Directories Directories
Distribution Copyright
Domain Name rfc.domainname
E-Mail Authors address
Environment variables Environment
Examples Examples
Full Node Modes
Full Node Configuration Full Node
Gateway Modes
Gateway Configuration Gateway
History History
Host Descripions Hosts
Inetd Configuration Inetd
Internet address Authors address
Internet protocols TCP-IP
Introduction Introduction
Leaf Node Modes
Leaf Node Configuration Leaf Node
Legal stuff Copyright
MIME MIME
Multi-Purpose Message Extensions MIME
Network News Transfer Protocol NNTP
NNTP NNTP
NNTP exporter umsnntp
NNTP importer umsnntpget
NNTP server daemon umsnntpd
nntpd.access nntpd.access
nntpget.groups nntpget.groups
Path name rfc.pathname
Permissions Copyright
POP3 POP3
POP3 importer umspop3
Post Office Protocol POP3
Postal address Authors address
Probibitions Copyright
Protocol stack TCP-IP
Questions & Answers Answers
Remote UUCP Systems L.Sys
Requirements Requirements
RFC RFC
RFC 1036 Message Formats
RFC 1081 POP3
RFC 1521 MIME
RFC 1522 MIME
RFC 821 SMTP
RFC 822 Message Formats
RFC 977 NNTP
RFC Message Formats Message Formats
rfc.control Conversion
rfc.domainname rfc.domainname
rfc.export.fido rfc.export.
rfc.export.maus rfc.export.
rfc.import.fido rfc.import.
rfc.import.maus rfc.import.
rfc.mailencoding rfc.mailencoding
rfc.newsencoding rfc.newsencoding
rfc.pathname rfc.pathname
rfc.username rfc.username
Security Configuration Access
Services configuration Services
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP
SMTP SMTP
SMTP exporter umssmtp
SMTP server daemon umssmtpd
TCP/IP TCP-IP
Telser Configuration Telser
TODO TODO
UMS UMS
UMS Address Formats Addresses
UMS configuration variables UMS Configuration
UMS Message Base Message Base
UMS Message Format Message Format
UMS Operation Modes Modes
ums2uucp ums2uucp
umsnntp umsnntp
umsnntpd umsnntpd
umsnntpget umsnntpget
umspop3 umspop3
umssmtp umssmtp
umssmtpd umssmtpd
Unix to Unix CoPy UUCP
User Configuration User
Users Users
UUCP UUCP
UUCP Configuration UUCPConfig
UUCP Directories UUCPDirectories
UUCP exporter ums2uucp
UUCP importer uuxqt
UUCP poll script UUCPPoll
UUCP ports description L.Ports
uucp.debugfile uucp.debugfile
uucp.debuglevel uucp.debuglevel
uucp.dumbhost uucp.dumbhost
uucp.filtercr uucp.filtercr
uucp.keepdupes uucp.keepdupes
uucp.logdupes uucp.logdupes
uucp.mailexport uucp.mailexport
uucp.mailroute uucp.mailroute
uucp.newsexport uucp.newsexport
uucp.nodename uucp.nodename
uucp.recipients uucp.recipients
uuxqt uuxqt